Okra Seed Production (with Cost and Return Analysis)

By goGreen | February 13, 2012

 

Okra is a plant that produces an edible pod that is eaten as a vegetable, and is native to Ethiopia, where it has been cultivated and used for centuries.

Okra  plants can grow to six feet (two meters) tall, and sometimes even higher, in the right conditions. The plants produce large white to yellow flowers which develop into ridged pentagonal pods. The seed pods are 3 – 10 inches long, tapering, usually with ribs down its length. These tender, unripe seed pods are used as a vegetable, and have a unique texture and sweet flavor.

Okra is a tropical plant which grows best in warm climates. It is available year-round, with a peak season during the summer months. The pods grow rapidly, being ready for harvest in about 60 days of summer weather, when grown from seed. They must be picked a few days after flowering, when 4 inches or so in length, before they mature and toughen. Okra comes in varying shades of green (there is also a new red variety), and can be smooth or have a ribbed surface.

Seed Production

Variety: Smooth Green

Environmental Requirements

Cultural Management

a. Land Preparation

b. Planting

c. Fertilization

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Cultivating Vegetables – Create a Peace Garden

By goGreen | February 13, 2012

A peace garden is an area anywhere near your home, where you can grow fruit and vegetables. Vegetable beds the size of a door each are ideal. You should plant at least four beds of vegetables and as many more as you need and can handle, in rotation.

To start, decide on the types of vegetables you would like to grow, such as potatoes, cabbages, carrots, beans, peas and tomatoes, to give variety and balance to your diet. It is best to plant only a few seeds at a time, so that you do not have a surplus of one kind. If you do grow extras, how about selling them?

How to prepare your peace garden

› Mark out the area of each bed, for example the shape of a door frame, approximately 1 m x 2 m, and leave space between each bed so that you will be able to work with ease.

› Dig the soil over, removing stones and weeds. e, deep digging ench at least m (knee deep) important. The rst soil that is dug out, the topsoil, must be kept apart as it is the best.

 

When filling the trench, place solid rubbish such as tins, eggshells, bones, wood and paper at the bottom to assist in drainage. Then proceed with alternating layers of soil and organic material such as grass, weeds, small branches and leaves. Lastly add the topsoil that you kept apart. The seed will be planted in this layer. The organic material layers act like a sponge holding moisture to a good depth.

› Stones can be used to make a border.

› If you have any manure or compost, dig it into the topsoil. Leave the beds like this for a week.

› Water well before planting and allow the soil to drain until it can be worked without becoming muddy.

 

Planting the seed

› Decide which seeds you wish to plant, for example:

–  Three rows of carrots 30 cm apart—plant the seeds 2 to 5 cm apart in the rows, 1 cm deep and cover with soil.

–  Potatoes in a separate bed 60 cm apart—plant seed potatoes that are beginning to sprout 20 cm apart, 10 cm deep and cover with soil. When the potato plants are 30 cm tall, ridge the soil up around them. The potatoes will develop in the ridged-up soil.

It is best to have at least four separate beds. This will ensure that you have vegetables all year round if monthly sowings are done.

 

Refer to the table for planting details of all the popular vegetables and the sowing dates for the various regions

› Write labels for the rows of crops that you have planted. You can even put up a sign which says, “My peace garden”!

› Take note of the useful hints that are printed on your seed packets.

› Once you have planted all the seeds, press the soil down firmly over the planting rows and water lightly. You can make your own watering can by punching holes in the bottom of a tin or a 2-litre cooldrink bottle.


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Medicinal Root Crop: Yacon

By goGreen | February 13, 2012

 

Yacon (smallanthus sonchifolius). A perennial herb, endemic lo the Andes. With spony stems purple projections: small, terminal yellow to orange colored flowers. A member of the sunflower family, with large, tuberous edible sweet roots, low in calories and are eaten raw. Leaves can tolerate partial shading, a trait useful for agro-forestry. It grows fast in loose, well-drained acidic or alkaline soil rich in organic matters.

Yacon is not only an outstanding nutritious source, but also has a positive impact on health for a modem society marked by excessive consumption of meat, food preservatives, junk foods, etc.. and lack of physical exercise. The strong demand worldwide, was not just due to Yacon sweet flavor and easy to eat, but also to its active components and effect on diabetes and the digestive system.

In the Philippines, Yacon was introduced by a Japanese national, in year 2000. it was first grown in some part of Mindanao and later at the Cordillera. Now, Yacon is successfully grown in the Sierra Madre Mountain areas, particularly in the upland of Dupax, Santa Fe and Southern municipalities of Nueva Vizcaya. In 2005, the Nueva Vizcay Yacon Processing and Trading Center was established. A pilot project farm was set-up in the Batangas area the following year (2006). Where Yacon plants are naturally grown and 100% organic farming is used to produce tubers for safer more natural alternative for your health.

Medicinal Value

Several carbohydrates are stored in the tubers (roots) of Yacon; fructose, glucose, surcrose, low polymerization degree (DP) oligosaccharides (DP 3-10 fructans) and traces of starch and inulin (Asamietal. 1989/Ohyamaet. Al 1990). Fresh roots contain 69-83% water, 0.4-2% protein & 20% sugar, principally inulin, a frucrose polymer. Dry roots contain 4-7% ash, 6-7% protein, 65% sugar and potassium.

Dry leaves and stems contain 11-17% protein. 2-7% and 38-41 % n i troge n – free extracts.

 

  1. It  is a potential treatment tor Diabetes. Yacon contains inulin, a fructose polymer. It increases the insulin concentration in the body effectively stabilizing blood sugar level.
  2. It provides high fiber content that assists in treating digestive problems.
  3. Low in calories that make it a perfect nutritious diet for people who are suffering from obesity.
  4. It contains properties in the treatment of kidney problems.
  5. It is diuretic that helps increase the secretion and expulsion of urine.
  6. It reduces and suppress urinary calculi (stones) and acts to dissolve those already present.
  7. Yacon helps normalize the stool and reduce the pressure on your colon – hence, reduces the risk of colon cancer.
  8. Reduces the risk of Arteriosclerosis with resistance to insulin and dislipemia. and has been shown to be effective in feeding hypercoloric disorder, based fundamentally on carbohydrates. The oligofructose inhibits the lipogenesis and consequently, they have a hypotrigliceridemic effect.
  9. Helps relive joint pain, decreases joints swelling and tenderness associated with Arthritis. Gout and Rheumatism.
  10. Recent reports say it helps in treating Insomnia, Dysmerorrhca, Myoma, Migraine, Colic and Hyperacidity.
  11. Yacon is a pest resistant plant naturally grown, 100% organic that protects you and your families from harmful chemicals, that harm the body and the environment, that shortens life, hence, may prolong life.

 

SOURCE: Entrepinoy ATBP

Topics: Medicinal Plants (Halamang Gamot), Miscellaneous | 4 Comments »

Philippines rice inventory good for 77 days

By goGreen | February 13, 2012

THE country’s total rice inventory reached 2.62 million metric tons (MMT) as of January 1 and is good for 77 days, said a monthly report released by the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) on Monday.

BAS noted in its report that the January inventory was 23.3 percent lower than last year’s inventory of 3.42 MMT and 15.2 percent lower than the inventory in December.

“As of Jan. 1, 2012, the total volume of rice stocks would be enough for 77 days. Household stocks would last 29 days. Stocks in the depositories of the National Food Authority (NFA) would be good for 30 days while those in commercial warehouses would last for 18 days,” said the BAS in its report.

The attached agency of the Department of Agriculture (DA) noted that the NFA has stocks totaling 1.04 MMT while households have 980,000 metric tons (MT). Commercial warehouses stored 600,000 MT of milled rice as of Jan. 1.

“Compared to last year’s inventory, household stocks were lower by 13.8 percent and those in NFA depositories by 40 percent. However, stocks in commercial warehouses grew by 9.6 percent,” said BAS.

On a monthly basis, stocks in households were down by 22.5 percent and those in commercial warehouses by 15.1 percent.

“Of the current stock level, about 37 percent were with the households, 23 percent were with the commercial warehouses and 40 percent were with the NFA depositories,” said BAS.

The country’s total corn stock inventory reached 166,100 MT as of January 1. BAS noted that this was 8.9 percent higher than last year’s record of 152,500 MT.

A total of 104,200 MT of corn were stored in commercial warehouses while households held 61,700 MT of the produce. The NFA accounted for 20,000 MT.

“Against last year’s levels, stocks in the households decreased by 18.1 percent and those in NFA depositories by 80 percent. However, stocks in commercial warehouses went up by 36.8 percent,” said BAS.

On a monthly basis, corn inventory increased by 8.3 percent in the households. In contrast, BAS said stocks in commercial warehouses dropped by 13.1 percent. There was no change in stocks held in NFA depositories.

The stocks held by households accounted for 37.2 percent of the total corn inventory for the period. Commercial warehouses accounted for 62.7 percent while the NFA’s share was pegged at only 0.1 percent.

Source: Business Mirror

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Growing and Production of Yam (Ube) Rootcrop

By goGreen | February 12, 2012

 

Yam or ubi is one of the country’s “famine crops”. It is grown backyard and commercial farms. Distinguished from tugui known as the lesser yam, ubi or the greater yam has fleshy underground roots used as staple food in the provinces. Among rootcrops, it ranks fourth among the widely-cultivated.

Yam is perennial climbing herb with flesh color ranging from white to yellow, orange, red and deep purple. A side from being known a vegetable, it is famous as halo-halo ingredients, and a source of flour. Other food products such as dehydrated yam flakes and instant yam mixes can be derived from yam. Yam peelings or waste are fed to poultry and livestock.

Production of yam in the country reached 17,540 metric tons in 1985 with Central Visayas producing the greatest volume. Total production was valued at P57.6 million and covered a land area of 6,980 hectares. Most farmers plant this crop in May and June, while those in Pampanga and Pangasinan plant from October to December.

Varieties

One of the most common yam varieties is the ubing kinampay. It has five types namely, original kinampay– characterized by red-purple flesh, kabus-ok–with white flesh and large roots, tamisan–reddish-white fleshed and sweeter in taste, Binanag– with creamy, white flesh and elongated root, and Binato– with big, hard roots and white and flesh.

Another variety, ubing kalamay, stands out as the “most palatable.” It is extensively grown in Bohol which has sandy, lime-soaked soil suitable for this variety. It has deep purple flesh and extra large-size roots.

Adaptation

Ubi thrives in dry humid places with light- textured soil, preferably sandy loam or silt loam soil with good drainage. for best results, plant at the start or at the end of the rainy season when the adequate moisture can be obtained. Ubi growth favors low and medium altitudes with temperature ranging from 25-30°C.

 


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Understanding Agricultural Waste Recycling

By goGreen | February 12, 2012

I. INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is the most important direct source of livelihood and the largest source of employment in the world’s less developed countries. The agriculture sector produces food crops, meat and other animal products, energy crops, and industrial crops. It also produces billions of tons of other materials long regarded as “waste.” The main types of agricultural waste are crop residues, the parts of crop plants that are not eaten, and farm animal waste products. In the past, the vast majority of these materials was indeed wasted.

Agricultural experts are coming to recognize that agricultural residues can be thought of as a “resource out of place” instead of simply waste or by-products. This is a very important change of perspective which permits the evaluation of waste from a positive standpoint. Once an evaluation of waste is embarked upon, it becomes obvious that this resource represents a partial solution to the energy dilemma facing agriculture today. Once the agricultural waste resource is understood as a tremendous source of energy, then steps to utilize this energy may be taken.

With appropriate techniques, agricultural wastes can be recycled to produce an important source of energy and natural fertilizer for crops. Recycling agricultural wastes can help a developing country reduce its dependence on foreign energy supplies and raise the standard of living in its rural areas.

This paper discusses the general theory involved in recycling agricultural wastes and several popular methods. It does not present detailed practical examples. It is important to stress that the choice of recycling method will depend on the type of waste available and on the end use the farmer has in mind for the recycled waste. It is hoped that readers will adapt the general methods discussed in this paper to their own local conditions.

KINDS OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE

The main kinds of agricultural waste are crop residues and farm animal waste. Most of the energy contained in crop residues is in the form of carbohydrates and cellulose. Table 1 shows the chemical composition of some residues.

Table 1. Composition of Some Residues

Grain Leaf Citrus Manure straw (grass) pulp (poultry)

Dry Matter:
Organic matter 95 91 93 77
Ash 5 9 7 23
Crude protein 3 17 7 32
Crude fiber 48 27 14 –
Nitrogen-free
extract 43 44 69 27

Source: P. van der Wal, “Perspectives on Bioconversion of Organic Residues for Rural Communities, “Proceedings of Bioconversion of Organic Residues for Rural Commuinities (Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University), 1979, p. 5.

All the residues in Table 1 contain mostly organic matter. In developing countries, poultry generally are allowed to forage and digest much of the organic matter ingested. Thus, poultry do not produce as much organic matter as crop residues. Ash is the waste that remains unused even after the most rigorous of recycling processes. The main content of ash is inorganic substances such as potassium and phosphorus. Energy extraction from crude protein is difficult but is very useful for animal or human consumption since in this way the protein may be utilized. Crude fiber may remain somewhat unused if fed to some animals. However, if digested aerobically (in the presence of oxygen), anaerobically (in the absence of oxygen), chemically (using alkali or ammonia) or through composting, crude fiber will break down to simpler carbohydrates that are easily digested either by animals or in the soil.

The amount of nitrogen-free extract indicates how much nitrogen is available. Comparing amounts of organic matter and nitrogen-free extract indicates approximately how much nitrogen is made available through digestion or chemical treatment. A higher percentage of nitrogen-free extract indicates a lower percentage of available nitrogen and vice versa. Nitrogen plays an important role in soil conditioning and refeeding to animals since it is a necessary nutrient for both. Nitrogen also plays an important role in aerobic and anaerobic processes;however, these processes change the form of nitrogen, which may influence its availability to plants, volatility, or leachability.

Grain straw represents the largest component of crop residues. As indicated by Table 1, large part of grain straw is crude fiber. Thus the method for recycling grain straw should include some type of decomposition process to extract maximum energy. Grass, although easier to digest, should receive somewhat the same treatment as grain straw.

Citrus and vegetable residues are relatively easy to digest and direct methods of extracting energy such as refeeding or soil incorporation work well. However, due to the ease of digestion, other forms of energy such as methane or alcohol may utilize these residues more fully since the decomposition process is more complete. In conclusion, when recycling crop residues, some type of decomposition treatment is desirable.

ANIMAL WASTES

Animal waste includes manure (feces and urine) along with added bedding, other liquids, and soil. Other wastes such as milk house and washing wastes, hair, and feathers may also be included within this category.

The composition of animal manure depends upon “animal specie; digestibility, protein, and fiber contents of rations; and animal age, environment, and productivity” (Midwest Plan Service, 1975).

Due to varying diets and wastes, only estimates can be given for properties and nutrient content of manure. Table 3 shows manure production and characteristics of some popular animals.

Explanations of Table 3 are as follows. Raw manure includes feces and urine without bedding. Feces refers to the solids component of manure. Percent raw manure (percent RM) is the percentage of the raw manure that is made up of feces. Total solids is the sum of dissolved and undissolved components of the manure. Volatile solids refers to the amount of material that will burn or become volatile under a temperature of 550 degrees Centigrade. The oxygen used for the biochemical oxidation of organic matter is referred to as the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). The five (5) refers to the BOD after five days in a 20 degrees Centigrade environment. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is not used in engineering design but represents the total oxygen demand if all inorganic and organic material is oxidized. The COD will always be a higher value than the BOD.

The main emphasis of Table 3 is to show the various properties of different animal manures. It is clear that varying manures differ in all categories and recommendations may be made as to what recycling process could be used with each manure.


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Growing Potato Without Soil (Hydroponics)

By goGreen | February 12, 2012

 

Soil plays a crucial part in farm production but it now becomes ineffectual with the advent of soilless farming or simply hydroponics. This technique in farming has become so promising that it even adapts to modern day setting allowing farmers to grow potato even with limited space and without considering the ‘in- and off-season’ farming allowing uninterrupted production.

This technique in farming works well with potato. Since growing potato does not need soil, this means no soil-borne pests and detrimental disease such as bacterial wilt are eliminated.

With the wide uses of potato but a low consumption of it, the country must find ways to fully optimize its use especially with the popularity of French fries among fastfoods and restaurants. This would otherwise make potato a highly demanded root crop. It is, therefore, important that farmers find appropriate means to continuously produce more potatoes year-round.

Potato production has high income potential for farmers, especially those in Northern Luzon and Southern Mindanao where the bulk of the potato produced presently comes from. However, owing to various constraints such as limited supply of quality planting materials, low quality of potatoes in terms of content and size, lack of technical know-how among our farmers, and postharvest handling, local production could not meet the market demand.

Modified Hydroponics

In Southern Mindanao, farmers found an effective way to produce granola and atlantic potatoes (two of the most common varieties grown in the country) through modified hydroponics. The technology was tried for field testing by a team from the Department of Agriculture-Southern Mindanao Integrated Agricultural Research Center (DA-SMIARC).

The technology is called ‘modified’ hydroponics because potatoes were grown using inert medium, sand and coco coir dust, instead of the usual soil. The use of this sterile medium proves a more practical modified hydroponics system because there are no reserve nutrients. This ensures that every plant gets the precise amount of nutrients and water it needs.

Aside from being a no-soil used and space-friendly method, the developed technology produces better tubers with a much longer shelf life than those potatoes grown in the soil, given that the farm has been managed properly. Labor involved in tending the plants is also markedly reduced. One cycle of planting potatoes needs only 30 man-days.

How-tos of Modified Hydroponics

In this technology developed by SMIARC, the inputs/ materials include:10 bags of fertilizer (12-11-18), 1 liter insecticide, 1.5 kg fungicides, 85 kg seed tubers, 1000 pc polyethylene bag (24x24x.006), 20 cu m coarse river sand, 150 bags of coir dust, and 5 gallons of disinfectant. These inputs/materials are for a 200-sq-m area.

Cultural management practices are important to effectively manage and ensure optimum production of potato. Some of these are, securing quality seed tubers, disinfecting the medium with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, hilling-up of the medium during the suggested weeks after planting, dehaulming (cutting all foliage and stem when leaves start turning yellow), hand digging during harvest, and collecting produce using plastic crates.

The total cost (based on 2006 market price) for the three cycles amounts to Pph65,865 with a gross income of Pph85,050. This totals to a net income amounting to Pph19, 185 for the 200-sq-m area planted. The return of investment (ROI) is 29.13%.

 

SOURCE: Entrepinoy ATBP

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WB: DA program boosts income of poor in Mindanao

By goGreen | February 12, 2012

THE World Bank has seen the 15.46-percent rise in income of Mindanao’s poor as a positive effect of the Department of Agriculture’s (DA) rural program.

WB lead rural development specialist Carolina Figueroa-Geron told reporters in a press briefing held recently in Davao City that the DA’s Mindanao Rural Development Program (MRDP) has contributed to the increase in income of its beneficiaries who are mostly small farmers and fisherfolk.

Geron said that the baseline income of P71,822 in 2007 has increased to P82,926 by midterm implementation of MRDP.

“Despite the 18-month hiatus on the earlier part of the program, the MRDP is almost on-track in its implementation but has exceeded a number its targets as of midterm,” Geron said.

In terms of household income, the program targets an increase of at least seven percent higher than the baseline by midterm.

Program Director Lealyn Ramos said the strong partnership of the local government units (LGUs) and the program’s holistic approach to development has seen positive results in the rural community.

“Aside from the program’s design of holistic approach to development, we owe this feat to the strong support of the local chief executives who are at the forefront of project implementation,” Ramos said.

The program has a total fund of $123.57 million for its four major components: Rural Infrastructure (RI) which implements agri-infra critical to enhance productivity like irrigation, farm-to-market roads, bridges, potable water supply, pre- and postharvest facilities; the Community Fund for Agricultural Development (CFAD) that provides resource-based livelihood activities; Natural Resources Management (NRM) that puts in place environment conservation mechanisms; and Investment for Governance Reform, which prepares and enables LGUs to deliver basic services.

The program also emphasizes the critical role of the LGUs in terms of the delivery of services to the community as part of the government’s aim of devolution and further support the modernization of agriculture and fishery sector.

With the infrastructure and livelihood projects now operational, the beneficiaries are earning from both farm and non-farm incomes.

The farm income of P40,093 from the baseline data has increased to P50,869 by midterm while income from nonfarm activities rose to P32,082 from P31,729.

“As roads have become more accessible, farmers are able bring in more inputs, cultivate more farm lands to expand production which in turn increase their yield and boost income,” Ramos said.

She added that farmers also earned from value-adding and saved in hauling cost.

“In addition more sari-sari stores are opening up, more jeepneys and motorcycles are plying the route of these previously inaccessible barangays,” she added.

As an offshoot of the impressive impact of the program, Agriculture Secretary Proceso J. Alcala is keen on replicating MRDP in the Visayas and the southern part of Luzon through the Central Philippines Development Program (CPRDP).

“Together with the World Bank team, we have begun preparatory work for the replication of the MRDP in Central Philippines. Several features of the MRDP are being analyzed by the feasibility study preparation team,” said Alcala.

The department is eyeing about $200 million for this proposal to further enhance farm productivity and provide easy access to markets for the islands in central Philippines.

 

Source: Business Mirror

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Starting a Business in Cassava Production

By goGreen | February 11, 2012

 

Cassava is a perennial shrub, which sometimes reaches the size of a small tree. It stems vary in color from pale to dirty white to brown marked by numerous nodes formed by scars left by fallen leaves. Pale to dark-green leaves are fan-shaped, with 5 to 9 lobes.

Roots of cassava plants are few and shallow and some become storage roots. These are clustered around the base of the plant and extend about 60 cm on all sides. It is for these roots, which contain from 15%-40% starch, that the crop is cultivated

Under favorabfe conditions, a single root may weigh as much as 4 kls. The number of roots per plant at harvest varies from 2 to 7 each averaging 27.7 cm.-43.3 cm. long and 4.5 cm.-7.4 cm in diameter.

Varieties and Uses of Cassava

Plant only high yielding varieties and according to needs. For starch, VC-1, VC-2, VC-3, Datu, Lakan, or Golden Yellow can be used. For food or feeds, use only Lakan or Golden Yellow varieties.

Site Selection

Cassava is a tropical and subtropical plant It grows in regions with more or Jess evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year. An ambient temperature ranges from 25-30 °C.

Select an open field with sandy loam or clay loam soli, Be sure that the area is not prone to water-logging. It must be well-drained soil. Also, consider the soil fertility with pH range of 5.5-6.5.

Cassava thrives at 845 m above sea level. It grows best when planted at the start of the rainy season.

Land Preparation

Prepare field by plowing two to three times, followed by narrowing when there is enough soil moisture. Make ridges 15-20 cm high and with 75-100 cm distance between furrows.

Preparation of Planting Materials

Select only fresh, mature, or healthy stems: fresh if the latex or sap comes out within six seconds after cutting; mature if the diameter of the pith or cork is not more than half of the diameter of the cortex; healthy if it is pest free and the diameter of the stem is not less than 1.5 cm.

Obtain stalks from a healthy stand, which is at least eight months old. Classify other varieties that are mixed with the recommended varieties. Use a saw or sharp boto to separate cuttings 20-30 cm. long.

Keep the stalks for not more than five days, under shade in upright position. Handle carefully. Do not throw the cuttings to avoid damage to the nodes. Do not use cuttings stored for more than five days.
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Household wastes made into fertilizer

By goGreen | February 11, 2012

MANILA, Philippines — Household waste disposal can be money-making, money-saving and job generating. Just like what they are doing in Las Piñas City.

We were invited recently to see the different waste disposal and livelihood programs being undertaken in Las Piñas largely through the initiative of former Congresswoman Cynthia A. Villar through the Villar Foundation.

One of her pet projects is converting the kitchen wastes into organic fertilizer. In Brgy. Pamplona II, we visited the biggest composting facility in the city administered by Roberto Villalon, a former chairman of the barangay.

He showed us six big rotary steel composters, each of which can convert the raw materials into organic fertilizer in seven days. Each composter can produce 700 to 1,000 kilos of organic fertilizer a month.

Actually, the composting facility in Pamplona II is just one of the composting facilities. There is at least one composting machine in each of the 20 barangays in the city.

Mrs. Villar said that they sell the compost at only P3 per kilo or P120 per 40-kilo sack. This is much cheaper than the organic fertilizers usually sold in the market.

Among the big buyers are the farmers from Nueva Ecija who use the organic fertilizer for producing organic farm produce.

Mrs. Villar explained that the establishment of composting facilities in the different barangays is one way of maintaining a clean environment. Aside from that the city government saves a lot of money from hauling the garbage in the community to the dump site in San Pedro, Laguna.
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