Tilapia Cage Culture
By pinoyfarmer | March 13, 2010
Introduction
Tilapia cage culture is growing tilapia in cages made of nylon nettings and bamboo frames that are floated, submerged or fixed at the bottom. It utilizes bodies of water such as dams, rivers, lakes, bays, reservoirs and coves. This is one of the effective technologies used in raising tilapia. It started out in 1974 in Sampaloc Lake and Laguna Bay and being practiced now in different regions like in Magat Dam Reservoir in Region II. The following are the advantages of tilapia cage culture:
- easier handling, inventory and harvesting of fish
- better control of fish population
- efficient control of fish competitors and predators
- effective use of fish feeds
- reduced mortality
- high stocking rate
- total harvesting and swift or immediate return of investment
- less manpower requirement
- minimum supervision
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Topics: Aquaculture, Farming Methods | 1 Comment »
Tilapia Raising – Biology of Tilapia
By pinoyfarmer | March 13, 2010
Tilapia is a member of the family Cichlidae. Three genera are well-known namely Oreochromis, Tilapia and Sarotherodon, of which nile tilapia belongs to genus Oreochromis. This species is naturally distributed in Palestine, the Nile River as well as most part of African river and lakes. It was introduced in the Philippines in 1972. It’s rising popularity is due to their hardness, resistance to diseases, ease in breeding, reasonable growth rate, good taste, and tolerance to a wide range of environmental conditions including temperature and salinities.
Taxomic Positions of Tilapia
Most tilapia species of the tribe Tilapiani now being used in aquaculture were grouped initially into one genus, Tilapia. The species within this genus were later classified according to differences in their mode of reproduction (Low McConnel; 1959 Trewawas, 1973, 1978, 1982). Species which evolved as substrate spawner but guard their eggs were retained in the genus tilapia while those which orally rear their clutches were grouped into a new species Sarotherodon. Classification of the three genera Tilapia, Sarotherodon and Oreochromis was based largely on the differences on their reproduction and feeding habits.
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Topics: Aquaculture | No Comments »
Guyabano/Soursop – Information & Production Guide
By pinoyfarmer | March 12, 2010
Guyabano, guyabano or soursop in English (Anona muricata Linn.) is a small tree about 5 to 7 meters in height. The leaves are alternate, oval in shape, pointed at both ends, smooth and shinning, 7 to 20 centimeters long and with petioles about 5 millimeters long. The flowers are large, yellowish or greenish yellow and solitary. There are six large, freshy or leathery petals in two series. They are heart-shaped, with pointed tip, and up to 5 centimeters in length and 3 centimeters in breadth. In the center of the flower is a cone-shaped mass of many carpels which will form the fruit, and below this are very numerous stamens.
A native of tropical America, was introduced into the Philippines at an early date and is now cultivated in all parts of the Archipelago.
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Topics: Agri-Business, Crops & Vegetables | 2 Comments »
Medicinal Plants: Balanoi / Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
By pinoyfarmer | March 12, 2010
Balanoi is a plant, which belongs to the family of Lamiaceae, grows to an erect length of 50 to 80 centimeters, the leaves of which are oval-shaped, and have slightly-toothed edges. The flowers of balanoi or common basil are either white or purple. The compounds that can be extracted from this plant vary, but it has been determined through various experiments and researches that its dried leaves contain 0.20% to 1% of essential oils. Balanoi has been renowned throughout the Philippines and in various parts of the world because of its medicinal and health benefits. It can be found all over the country, and have several uses. Balanoi’s use is not only limited to medicinal purposes, rather, extracts of common basil can be found in cosmetics, and are mixed in liquors and fragrances as well.
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Topics: Medicinal Plants (Halamang Gamot) | No Comments »
Durian Production Guide
By pinoyfarmer | March 12, 2010
Introduction
Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is a distinctive Asian fruit. The tree reaches a height of 40 meters. Its bark is red-brown and peels off regularly. The trunk is buttressed. Its leaves are oval or lance-head-shaped and arranged alternately. The upper surface is smooth and glossy. The lower part is covered with scales and hairs. The flowers are whitish and greenish white. The fruit is green to brownish in color, shaped like a globe or egg.
Adaptation
Durian is adapted to sandy loam and clay loam, with high organic matter, reasonably deep and slightly acidic soil (pH of 5.6).
Durian grows in lowland tropics in elevation up to 800 meters above sea level with optimum temperature of 25-35 0C and 80% relative humidity.
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Medicinal Plants: Akapulko / Acapulco (Cassia alata)
By pinoyfarmer | March 12, 2010
Akapulko or Acapulco in English is a shrub found throughout the Philippines. It is known under various names in different regions in the country. Locals call the plant katanda, andadasi, and palochina in Tagalog, Ilocos and in the Visayas regions, respectively. The shrub belongs to the family of Leguminosae, and grows about one to two meters tall. It has thick branches and the leaves are embraced with 8 to 20 leaflets that are oblong-elliptical in shape. The flowers of the Akapulko have oblong sepals, and its fruits are tetragonal, which are also winged and glabrous. A medicinal herb that contains chrysophanic acid, a fungicide used to treat fungal infections, like ringworms, scabies, and eczema. Akapulko also contains saponin, a laxative that is useful in expelling intestinal parasites.
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Topics: Medicinal Plants (Halamang Gamot) | 4 Comments »
Mangosteen – Information & Production Guide
By pinoyfarmer | March 11, 2010
MANGOSTEEN (Garcinia mangostana Linn of the family Gutiiferae) is one of the most delicious and best flavored fruits in the world. It is one tropical fruit that is most ready accepted by the Western. It is a seasonal fruit that has a great export market. The editable portion of the mangosteen fruit is 1/3 of the whole fruit. The aril is about 25-30% of the fruit and contains 19.8% soluble solids, 4.3% reducing sugar, and 17.5% to total sugar. Analysis of the rind indicates that it is rich in pectin.
Uses and Food Value
| Edible Portion | 26.0% |
| Moisture | 79.7 g |
| Food Energy | 71.0 calories |
| Protein | 0.7 g |
| Fat | 0.8 g |
| Carbohydrates | 17.3 g |
| Fiber | 1.3 g |
| Ash | 0.2 g |
| Calcium | 18.00 mg |
| Phosphorus | 11.00 mg |
| Iron | 0.30 mg |
| Thiamin | 0.06 mg |
| Riboflavin | 0.01 mg |
| Niacin | 0.40 mg |
| Ascorbic Acid | 2.0 mg |
Its composition taken from the 1990 edition of the Food Composition Table prepared by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute is as follows. The pulp, which is very light and soft and has an exquisite flavor, is best eaten fresh, preferably after chilling the fruit. The pulp and seed, when boiled with sugar, make an excellent preserve or topping for ice cream or sherbet. The seeds have a delicious nutty flavor.
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Gabay sa Pagtatanim ng Ampalaya
By pinoyfarmer | March 11, 2010
Ito’y maitatanim sa lahat ng dako ng Pilipinas. Ang ampalaya ay mayaman sa kalsiyum, mineral, karbohaydreyt at Bitamina B. May dalawang uri ng ampalaya: ang puti at berde. Ang berde ang karaniwang itinatanim.
Paraan ng Pagtatanim
Magtanim ng 4-5 binhi sa bawat tundos na 5 sentimetrong lalim at 1 ½ hanggang 2 metrong agwat sa hanay ng mga tudling. Pagkaraan ng ilang araw, bawasan ang pananim at mag-iwan lamang ng 2-3 malulusog na pananim sa bawat tundos.
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Halamang Gamot: Ampalaya (Momordica charantia)
By pinoyfarmer | March 11, 2010
Kahit mas kilala bilang isang mapait na gulay, ang ampalaya ay isa sa mga karaniwang halamang-gamot sa Pilipinas at sa buong Asya na itinuturing na nagbibigay-sustansiya sa katawan. Ayon sa mga pag-aaral, ang prutas at dahon nito ay naglalaman ng iron, calcium, at phosphorus na mahahalagang mineral sa katawan. Sinasabing ang pagiging mapait ng prutas nito ay dahil sa quinine, isang anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory na kemikal. Gayunpaman, wala pang mabusising pag-aaral ang naisasagawa upang patotohanan ito.
Ayon sa pinaniniwalaan, ang ampalaya ay nakatutulong sa paglunas ng type-II diabetes. Dahil dito, marami nang gumagawa at nagbebenta ng food supplements na gawa sa halaman ng ampalaya, kahit wala pang siyentipikong batayan ang ipinapahayag na husay nito.
Topics: Medicinal Plants (Halamang Gamot) | No Comments »
Halamang Gamot: Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)
By pinoyfarmer | March 10, 2010
Ang balat ng punong agoho ay mainam sa sakit sa minamanas o may beri-beri at namamagang buto. Nagpapagaling din ng taghiyawat.
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Topics: Medicinal Plants (Halamang Gamot) | 2 Comments »
